Types of Liquid Nitrogen Tanks: An Overview of Dewar, Transport, and Self-Pressurizing Models

Liquid nitrogen tanks are vital for safely storing and using liquid nitrogen at –196°C. To meet diverse needs, these tanks are designed in different categories, each with unique features and applications. The three most common types are Dewar tanks, transport tanks, and self-pressurizing tanks.

1. Dewar Tanks (Storage Tanks)

Dewar tanks are the most widely used for static storage of liquid nitrogen.

• Structure: Double-walled with a high-vacuum insulation layer.

• Capacity: Ranges from small laboratory models (2L–50L) to larger options.

• Applications: Ideal for storing biological samples, semen, cells, or laboratory reagents.

• Advantages: Long holding time, lightweight design, and easy sample access with lifting canisters.

• Note: Not suitable for frequent movement or continuous nitrogen withdrawal.

2. Transport Tanks

Designed for mobility, transport tanks enable safe LN₂ delivery between locations.

• Structure: Reinforced outer casing and shock-resistant design.

• Features: Added durability against vibrations and bumps during transit.

• Applications: Widely used in veterinary services, medical institutions, and field research.

• Advantages: Maintains cold retention even under movement; some models are certified for air or road shipping.

3. Self-Pressurizing Tanks (Self-Pressurized Dewars)

Engineered for applications requiring continuous nitrogen flow.

• Working Principle: Uses the natural evaporation of LN₂ to build internal pressure, enabling liquid withdrawal without pumps.

• Applications: Semiconductor cooling, cryotherapy equipment, and industrial low-temperature systems.

• Advantages: High efficiency, easy liquid transfer, and support for automation systems.

• Note: Requires pressure monitoring and regular safety valve checks.

Conclusion

Choosing the right liquid nitrogen tank depends on your needs:

• Dewar tanks for static storage,

• Transport tanks for safe mobility,

• Self-pressurizing tanks for continuous LN₂ supply.

Together, they form a comprehensive system supporting applications from laboratories and hospitals to industrial and field operations.